BLOOD IN URINE

DEFINITION OF BLOOD IN URINE:

• Blood in urine is called as hematuria in medical terms.
• It is defined as the presence of Red blood cells in the urine.
• It can occur from any part of the Urinary tract Kidney, Ureter, Bladder or urethra in Men, Women and Children.

Functions of  

• Kidney: Filters blood and excretes harmful substances.
• Ureters: Transport the Urine from the Kidney to the Urinary Bladder.
• Urinary Bladder: Stores the Urine.
• Urethra: Expels the Urine from the body.

TYPES OF HEMATURIA 

• They are two types of hematuria 
• Gross Hematuria is blood in urine Visible to the naked eye. 
• Microscopic Hematuria is blood in urine only visible under microscope.

PREVALENCE OF HEMATURIA

• Blood in Urine is present in up to 16% of people in the general population. 
• It can occur in any age group but it is more common in older males and females. 

CAUSES OF HEMATURIA IN CHILDREN

• Kidney Inflammation also called Nephritis. 
• Urine Infection. 
• Urinary Stones. 
• Cancer of Kidney and Bladder 

CAUSES OF HEMATURIA IN YOUNG ADULTS

• Kidney and Urinary Tract Infection. 
• Kidney Stones. 
• Inflammation of the Urethra. 

CAUSES OF HEMATURIA IN YOUNG ADULTS 

• Long-distance runners are especially prone to exercise-induced urinary bleeding.
• The condition is called jogger's hematuria. But anyone who works out strenuously can develop symptoms. 

Honeymoon Cystitis:

• It is a Urinary tract Infection that occurs following a Lady's First Sexual Intercourse Which Traditionally Occurs on the Wedding night.
• It is a Urinary tract Infection that commonly occurs following a Lady's First Sexual Intercourse after marriage.
  
  

CAUSES OF HEMATURIA IN MALES

• Enlarged Prostate and Prostate Cancer.
• Kidney, Ureter and Bladder Cancer.
• Stones in the Urinary Tract.
• Bacterial and Tuberculous Infection. 

OTHER CONDITIONS MIMICKING BLOOD IN URINE

• Certain food like blackberries and beet root can turn the Urine red. 
• Medications such as Rifampicin and Pyridium can turn the Urine Red. 
• Poisoning from Lead can also make the urine Red. 

BLOOD IN URINE

• Blood in Urine can be detected in routine testing or can be seen.
• In both situations it should not be neglected as blood in Urine is not normal and can be the first sign of a serious condition.
• It should be fully investigated by a Urologist.

Diseases commonly occurring in the Urinary Tract:

• Kidneys: Nephritis ,Cancer, Infection and Stones.
• Ureters: Stone and Cancer.
• Urinary Bladder: Infection (Bacterial and Tuberculous) Honeymoon Cystitis, Stones ,Cancer and Joggers Hematuria.
• Prostate: Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy, Cancer.
• Urethra: Infection, Stones and Cancer.